Role of mean corpuscular volume in alcohol use disorders
Keywords:
Alcohol, AUDIT, Mean Corpuscular Volume, Alcohol use disorder, MacrocytosisAbstract
Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of mean corpuscular volume to identify alcohol use disorder in comparison with AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) screening test. Materials & Methods: This is a cross sectional study and it was conducted at the Institute of Internal Medicine, Madras Medical College & Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai for a period of six months from June 2013 to November 2013. Qualitative variables are analysed by chi-square test. The quantitative data in this study were analysed using independent sample t test. Results: Total number of participants in this study was 100 in number who were found to having alcoholic disorders. An analysis of these group of people, macrocytosis was noted in 61% and the remaining 39% had normal mean corpuscular volume. In our study, the prevalence of macrocytosis in patients with AUD is 61% with p value of 0.028. Conclusion: Diagnosing alcohol injection after development of alcohol dependence or alcohol related problems has no value in the management. A combined use of AUDIT and cost-effective investigations like mean corpuscular volume. We can diagnose the problem earlier and we can prevent the complications. Patients with macrocytosis without anemia should be evaluated for alcohol abuse.
References
Mathurin P, Beuzin F, Louvet A, et al: Fibrosis progression occurs in a subgroup of heavy drinkers with typicalhistological features. Alimen Pharm Ther 2007; 25:1047-54
Yip WW, Burt AD: Alcoholic liver disease. Semin Diagn Pathol 2006; 23:149-60.
Rehm J, Rehn N, Room R, Monteiro M, Gmel G, Jernigan D, et al. The global distribution of average volume of alcohol consumption and patterns of drinking. Eur Addict Res 2003;9:147–56.
Rajendran SD (ed). Globalization and increasing trend of alcoholism. Community Health Cell, for the Asia Social Forum, 2–7 January 2003, Hyderabad, India
Room R, Babor T, Rehm J. Alcohol and public health. Lancet 2005;365:519–30. Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Global mortality, disability, and the contribution of risk factors: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet 1997;349:1436–42.
World Health Organization. The world health report 2002—Reducing risks, promoting healthy life. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002.
Mohan D, Chopra A, Ray R, Sethi H. Alcohol consumption in India: A cross sectional study. In: Demers A, Room R, Bourgault C (eds). Surveys of drinking patterns and problems in seven developing countries. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2001:103–14
Bloomfield K, Stockwell T, Gmel G, Rehn N. International comparisons of alcohol consumption. Alcohol Res Health 2003;27:95–109.
Saitz R, Mulvey KP, Plough A, Samet JH: Physician unawareness of serious substance abuse. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1997; 23:343-54.
Khan N, Davis P, Wilkinson TJ, et al: Drinking patterns among older people in the community: Hidden from medical attention?. NZ Med J 2002; 115:72-5.
Kim WR, Brown RS Jr, Terrault NA, El-Serag H. Burden of liver disease in the United States: Summary of a workshop. Hepatology 2002;36:227–42.
World Health Organization. Global status report on alcohol. Geneva:World Health Organization;1999.
Conigrave KM, Davies P, Haber P, Whitfield JB. Traditional markers of excessive alcohol use. Addiction. 2003;98 Suppl 2:31–43
Findley JK, Park LT, Siefert CJ, et al. Two routine blood tests-mean corpuscular volume and aspartate aminotransferase-as predictors of delirium tremens in trauma patients. J Trauma. 2010;69(1):199–201.
Koivisto H, Hietala J, Anttila P, et al. Long-term ethanol consumption and macrocytosis: diagnostic and pathogenic implications. J Lab Clin Med. 2006;147(4):191–196.
Seppä K, Laippala P, Saarni M et al, Macrocytosis as a consequence of alcohol abuse among patients in general practice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1991 Oct;15(5):871-6.
Mundle G, Munkes J, Ackermann K, Mann Ket al Sex differences of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and mean corpuscular volume in alcohol-dependent patients. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000 Sep;24(9):1400-5.
Kumar BG Prashanth*, Biradar Sunil et alMean corpuscular volume and biochemical markers of alcoholism - A comparative study. Journal of the Indian Society of Toxicology.
Ref 19Das S, Dhanya L, Vasudevan D. Biomarkers of alcoholism: an updated review. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2008;68:81–92.
Delanghe J, De Buyzere M. Carbohydrate deficient transferrin and forensic medicine. Clin Chim Acta 2009;406:1–7.
Allen J, Litten R, Fertig J, et al. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin: an aid to earlyrecognition of alcohol relapse. Am J Addict 2001;10.
Sorvajärvi K, Blake JE, Israel Y, Niemelä O. et alSensitivity and specificity of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin as a marker of alcohol abuse are significantly influenced by alterations in serum transferrin: comparison of two methods. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996 May;20(3):449-54
Radosavljevic M, Temsch E, Hammer J, Pfeffel F, Mayer G, Renner F, Pidlich J, Muller C Elevated levels of serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin are not specific for alcohol abuse in patients with liver disease.Hepatol. 1995 Dec;23(6):706-11.
Golka K, Wiese A. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT)—a biomarker for longterm alcohol consumption. J Toxicol Environ Health B 2004;7:319–37.
Flemming M, Anton R, Spies C. A review of genetic, biological, pharmacological, and clinical factors that affect carbohydrate-deficient transferrin levels. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2004;28:1347–55.
Guruprasad P. Aithal, Heather Thornes, Anandapuram D.Dwarakanath, and Andrew R. Tannermeasurement of Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin (Cdt) In A General Medical Clinic: Is This Test Useful In Assessing Alcohol Consumption? Alcohol and Alcoholism (1998) 33 (3): 304-309.
Hannuksela M, Liisanatti M, Nissinen A, et al. Biochemical markers of alcoholism. Clin Chem Lab Med 2007;45(8):953– 61.
Litten R, Bradley A, Moss H. Alcohol biomarkers in applied settings: recent advances and future research opportunities. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2010;34(6):955– 67.
Cr Goldberg DM. Structural, functional, and clinical aspects of gamma-glutamyltransferase. CCRC it Rev Clin Lab Sci. 1980;12(1):1–58.
Conigrave KM, Davies P, Haber P, Whitfield JB.Traditional markers of excessive alcohol use. Addiction. 2003;98 Suppl 2:31–43.
Turgut O, Tandogan I, Gurlek A. Association of gamma-glutamyltransferase with cardiovascular risk: a prognostic outlook. Arch Med Res. 2009;40(4):318–320. Epub 2009 Jun 13.
Turgut O, Yilmaz A, Yalta K, et al. gamma-Glutamyltransferase is a promising biomarker for cardiovascular risk. Med Hypotheses. 2006;67(5):1060–1064. Epub 2006 Aug 7.
Hamid R. Tavakoli, MD, FAPA, FAPM; Michael Hull, BS; and LT. Michael Okasinski, MDReview of Current Clinical Biomarkers for the Detection of Alcohol Dependence Innov Clin Neurosci. 2011;8(3):26–33
Fiellin, D.A.; Reid, M.C.; and O’Connor, P.G. Screening for alcohol problems in primary care: A systematic review. Archives of Internal Medicine 160(13):1977–1989, 2000
Raekha Prasad Alcohol use on the rise in India The Lancet, Volume 373, Issue 9657, Pages 17 - 18, 3 January 2009
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) (DSM-IV). Washington, D.C.: APA.
Global status report on alcohol and health 2011-world health organisation.
Robert C. Oh, MD, MPH;Naomi S. Holt, MD How do you evaluate macrocytosis without anemia? The journal of family practice August 2008 · Vol. 57, No. 8: 548-550.
John B Saunders Olaf G. Aasland, Thomas F. Babor, Juan R. DE La fuente, Marcus grant. Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption-II Addiction Volume 88, Issue 6, pages 791–804, June 1993
Bohn MJ, Babor TF, Kranzler HR.The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): validation of a screening instrument for use in medical settings. J Stud Alcohol. 1995 Jul;56(4):423-32.
Gache P, Michaud P, Landry U, Accietto C, Arfaoui S, Wenger O, Daeppen JB. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) as a screening tool for excessive drinking in primary care: reliability and validity of a French version. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2005 Nov;29(11):2001-7
Kumar S G, K C P, L S, E S, Vinayagamoorthy, Kumar V.Prevalence and Pattern of Alcohol Consumption using Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in Rural Tamil Nadu, India. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013 Aug
Harrison’s principles of internal medicine 18th edition page no 3546-3551
API text book of medicine ninth edition page no 1661-1665.
Gomez et al diagnostic usefulness of carbohydrate deficient transferring for detecting alcohol related problems in hospitalised patient alcohol and alcoholism volume 36 issue 3 pp(266-276)
S.Chaudhary et al physiological assessment of male alcoholism. Indian journal of psychiatry 2002.44(2)144-149
Pandey et al alcohol use and STI among men in India evidence from national house hold survey. Indian j. Community medicine 2012 apr 37(2) 95-100
Beutler e, marshall al, coller bs kipps tj williams haemotology 6th edition New York in 2001.
Metz j. Appropriate use of tests for folate and vitamin B 12 deficiency aust prescr 1999;22 16-18
Eastham rd .clinical haematology 5th edition . Bristol john and bright son 1997.
Thomas s barbor et al Alcohol use disorders identification test guidelines for use in primary care second edition world health organisation department of mental health and substance dependence 2001.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Dr. Raja M
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
CC BY License
